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1 Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
2 Department of Endocrinology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
3 Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cndnegrao{at}incor.usp.br.
We studied the effects of hypocaloric diet (D, n=24, age 32.2±1.4 years, BMI 34.7±0.5 kg/m2), and hypocaloric diet associated to exercise training (D+T, n=25, age 32.3±1.3 years, BMI 32.9±0.4 kg/m2) on muscle metaboreflex control, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, microneurography), blood pressure, and forearm blood flow (plethysmography) levels during handgrip exercise at 10 and 30% of MVC in normotensive obese women. An additional 10 women matched by age and BMI were studied as a non-adherent group. D or D+T significantly decreased BMI. D or D+T significantly decreased resting MSNA (bursts/100HB). The absolute levels of MSNA were significantly lower throughout 10 and 30% exercise after D or D+T, although no change was found in the magnitude of response of MSNA. D+T, but not D, significantly increased resting forearm vascular conductance. D+T significantly increased the magnitude of response of forearm vascular conductance during 30% exercise. D or D+T significantly increased MSNA levels during posthandgrip circulatory arrest, when muscle metaboreflex is isolated. In conclusion, weight loss improves muscle metaboreflex control in obese women. Weight loss reduces MSNA, which seems to be centrally mediated. Weight loss by D+T increases forearm vascular conductance at rest and during exercise in obese individuals.
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