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TRANSLATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY

Cardioprotective effects of nitroparacetamol and paracetamol in acute phase of myocardial infarction in experimental rats

¹National University of Singapore Cardiovascular Biology Research Group and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore; ²Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University; ³Emergency Department, National University Hospital; and ⁴Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Submitted 31 May 2005 ; accepted in final form 28 July 2005

We aimed to determine whether nitroparacetamol (NO-paracetamol) and paracetamol exhibit cardioprotective effects. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in rats, and drug treatment was started 1 wk before surgery. Mortality rate and infarct size at 2 days after MI were compared. Treatment groups included vehicle (saline), paracetamol (5 mg·kg^–1·day^–1) and NO-paracetamol (15 mg·kg^–1·day^–1). Mortality rates for vehicle (n = 80), paracetamol (n = 79), and NO-paracetamol (n = 76) groups were 37.5%, 21.5%, and 26.3%, respectively. Infarct size for the vehicle group was 44.8% (±6.1%) of the left ventricle (LV). For the paracetamol and NO-paracetamol groups, infarct size was 31.3% (±5.6%) and 30.7% (±8.1%) of the LV, respectively. Both paracetamol- and NO-paracetamol-treated groups showed increased activities of catalase and SOD compared with the vehicle group. They could attenuate endothelial, inducible, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 gene expression after MI. The observation indicates the potential clinical significance of the cardioprotective effects of these drugs.

infarct size; cardioprotection

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