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c-Jun is regulated by combination of enhanced expression and phosphorylation in acute-overloaded rat heart

¹Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas, 13081-970 Campinas; and ²Center of Structural Molecular Biology, National Synchrotron Light Laboratory, 13084-971 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Submitted 8 May 2003 ; accepted in final form 30 September 2003

The transient increase in the expression of transcription factors encoded by immediate-early genes has been considered to play a critical role in the coordination of early gene expression during the hypertrophic growth of cardiac myocytes. Here, we investigated the regulation of c-Jun and its upstream activators JNKs in the myocardium of rats subjected to acute pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that both JNK1 and JNK2 were transiently activated by pressure overload, but only JNK1 was activated at the nuclei of cardiac myocytes. JNK1 activation was paralleled by phosphorylation of c-Jun at serine-63 in the myocardial nuclear fraction and by an increase in c-Jun expression in cardiac myocytes. A consistent increase in DNA binding of activator protein-1 (AP-1) complex was observed after 10 and 30 min of pressure overload and Supershift assays confirmed that c-Jun was a major component of activated AP-1 complex. Moreover, experiments performed with the specific JNK inhibitor SP-600125 abolished c-Jun phosphorylation and markedly attenuated its expression as well as the expression of the fetal gene -myosin heavy chain. Overall, these findings demonstrate a molecular basis for load-induced activation of c-Jun in cardiac myocytes and its connection with the regulation of fetal gene, characteristic of the acute response to pressure overload.

pressure overload; protein; myocardium; activator protein-1

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