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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 282: H389-H394, 2002. First published September 27, 2001; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00330.2001
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Vol. 282, Issue 2, H389-H394, February 2002

Endothelium-dependent arterial wall tone elasticity modulated by blood viscosity

Edmundo I. Cabrera Fischer1, Ricardo L. Armentano1, Franco M. Pessana1, Sebastián Graf1, Luis Romero1, Alejandra I. Christen1, Alain Simon2, and Jaime Levenson2

1 Favaloro University, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Buenos Aires 1078, Argentina; and 2 Centre de Medicine Preventive Cardiovascular, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Research Center, Hôpital Broussais, Paris 75674, France

The role of blood viscosity on arterial wall elasticity before and after deendothelization (DE) was studied. Seven ovine brachiocephalic arteries were studied in vitro under physiological pulsatile flow conditions achieved by a mock circulation loop. Instantaneous pressure and diameter signals were assessed in each arterial segment. Incremental elastic modulus (Einc) was calculated using the slope of the pure elastic stress-strain relationship. There was no significant difference between Einc values before and after DE (3.11 vs. 3.16 107 dyn/cm2) at a blood viscosity of 2.00 mPa · s. Increases in blood viscosity (2.50, 3.00, 3.50, and 4.00 mPa · s) always resulted in decreases of Einc before DE; inversely, increases in blood viscosity resulted in increases of Einc after DE. These values of Einc, for identical levels of blood viscosity, were always significantly lower (P < 0.05) before DE than those obtained after DE. Arterial wall elasticity assessed through Einc was strongly influenced by blood viscosity, probably due to presence or absence of endothelium relaxing factors or to direct shear smooth muscle activation when endothelial cells are removed.

arteries; shear stress; incremental elastic modulus; endothelium function; arterial diameter; smooth muscle


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