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Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, Dallas 75231; and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75235
To test the
hypothesis that spontaneous changes in cerebral blood flow are
primarily induced by changes in arterial pressure and that cerebral
autoregulation is a frequency-dependent phenomenon, we measured mean
arterial pressure in the finger and mean blood flow velocity in the
middle cerebral artery
(
MCA)
during supine rest and acute hypotension induced by thigh cuff
deflation in 10 healthy subjects. Transfer function gain, phase, and
coherence function between changes in arterial pressure and
MCA were
estimated using the Welch method. The impulse response function,
calculated as the inverse Fourier transform of this transfer function,
enabled the calculation of transient changes in
MCA during
acute hypotension, which was compared with the directly measured change
in MCA during
thigh cuff deflation. Beat-to-beat changes in
MCA occurred simultaneously with changes in arterial pressure, and the autospectrum of MCA showed
characteristics similar to arterial pressure. Transfer gain increased
substantially with increasing frequency from 0.07 to 0.20 Hz in
association with a gradual decrease in phase. The coherence function
was >0.5 in the frequency range of 0.07-0.30 Hz and <0.5 at
<0.07 Hz. Furthermore, the predicted change in
MCA was
similar to the measured
MCA during
thigh cuff deflation. These data suggest that spontaneous changes in MCA that occur
at the frequency range of 0.07-0.30 Hz are related strongly to
changes in arterial pressure and, furthermore, that short-term
regulation of cerebral blood flow in response to changes in arterial
pressure can be modeled by a transfer function with the quality of a
high-pass filter in the frequency range of 0.07-0.30 Hz.
cerebral blood flow; arterial pressure; Doppler; Fourier analysis
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