| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
AJP - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol 271, Issue 6 2547-H2562, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society
ARTICLES |
G. Thurston, P. Baluk, A. Hirata and D. M. McDonald
Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0452, USA.
Plasma leakage in inflammation results from intercellular gaps that form in the endothelium of venules. These gaps and related morphological changes in endothelial cells are not readily seen by light microscopy. In this study we sought to visualize such changes by using the selective binding properties of plant lectins. Acute inflammation was induced in the trachea of pathogen-free F344 rats by injecting substance P intravenously, and 1, 3, or 10 min later the vasculature was perfused with fixative followed by a biotinylated lectin. Lectin binding was localized by avidinbiotin complex-peroxidase histochemistry and viewed in tracheal whole mounts by differential-interference contrast microscopy. The binding patterns of the 20 lectins tested fell into 4 groups. Most of the lectins either bound uniformly to the endothelium of normal and inflamed venules (group 1, e.g., Lycopersicon esculentum lectin) or bound weakly or not at all to venules (group 2, e.g., Maackia amurensis I lectin). The uniform binding of group 1 lectins not only revealed the overall vascular architecture but also made visible intercellular gaps and fingerlike processes at endothelial cell borders in inflamed venules. In postcapillary venules after substance P, the fingerlike processes were present along an average of 32% of the endothelial cell perimeter at 1 min, 25% at 3 min, and 7% at 10 min, compared with a baseline value of 2%. A third group of lectins (group 3, e.g., concanavalin A) bound selectively to focal patches of inflamed venules but bound weakly to normal venules. The fourth group (group 4, e.g., Ricinus communis I lectin) bound preferentially to focal patches in inflamed venules and also bound uniformly to normal venules. The focal binding of group 3 and 4 lectins coincided with sites of plasma leakage marked by extravasation of the particulate tracer monastral blue and was associated with subendothelial components of the vessel wall. We conclude that selected lectins reveal novel features of focal sites of plasma leakage, endothelial gaps, and fingerlike processes at endothelial cell borders in inflamed venules.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. D. Ramnath, J. Sun, S. Adhikari, L. Zhi, and M. Bhatia Role of PKC-{delta} on substance P-induced chemokine synthesis in pancreatic acinar cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, March 1, 2008; 294(3): C683 - C692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. D. Ramnath and M. Bhatia Substance P treatment stimulates chemokine synthesis in pancreatic acinar cells via the activation of NF-{kappa}B Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, December 1, 2006; 291(6): G1113 - G1119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Baffert, T. Le, G. Thurston, and D. M. McDonald Angiopoietin-1 decreases plasma leakage by reducing number and size of endothelial gaps in venules Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2006; 290(1): H107 - H118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Baluk, W. W. Raymond, E. Ator, L. M. Coussens, D. M. McDonald, and G. H. Caughey Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression increases in Mycoplasma-infected airways but is not required for microvascular remodeling Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): L307 - L317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Alvarado, A. Betanzos, L. Franse-Carman, J. Chen, and L. Gonzalez-Mariscal Endothelia of Schlemm's canal and trabecular meshwork: distinct molecular, functional, and anatomic features Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, March 1, 2004; 286(3): C621 - C634. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Friehs and P. J. del Nido Increased susceptibility of hypertrophied hearts to ischemic injury Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 2003; 75(2): S678 - 684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Odorisio, C. Schietroma, M. L. Zaccaria, F. Cianfarani, C. Tiveron, L. Tatangelo, C. M. Failla, and G. Zambruno Mice overexpressing placenta growth factor exhibit increased vascularization and vessel permeability J. Cell Sci., June 15, 2002; 115(12): 2559 - 2567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Lee, D. C. Kim, M. S. Gee, H. M. Saunders, C. M. Sehgal, M. D. Feldman, S. R. Ross, and W. M. F. Lee Interleukin-12 Inhibits Angiogenesis and Growth of Transplanted but not in Situ Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus-induced Mammary Carcinomas Cancer Res., February 1, 2002; 62(3): 747 - 755. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Lange-Asschenfeldt, W. Weninger, P. Velasco, T. R. Kyriakides, U. H. von Andrian, P. Bornstein, and M. Detmar Increased and prolonged inflammation and angiogenesis in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions elicited in the skin of thrombospondin-2-deficient mice Blood, January 15, 2002; 99(2): 538 - 545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. MCDONALD Angiogenesis and Remodeling of Airway Vasculature in Chronic Inflammation Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2001; 164(10): S39 - 45. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. A. Elson, G. Thurston, L. E. Huang, D. G. Ginzinger, D. M. McDonald, R. S. Johnson, and J. M. Arbeit Induction of hypervascularity without leakage or inflammation in transgenic mice overexpressing hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha} Genes & Dev., October 1, 2001; 15(19): 2520 - 2532. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Ezaki, P. Baluk, G. Thurston, A. La Barbara, C. Woo, and D. M. McDonald Time Course of Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Microvascular Remodeling in Chronic Inflammation Am. J. Pathol., June 1, 2001; 158(6): 2043 - 2055. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Hunter, D. Yu, M. Gee, C. V. Ngo, C. Sevignani, M. Goldschmidt, T. V. Golovkina, S. Evans, W. F. Lee, and A. Thomas-Tikhonenko Cutting Edge: Systemic Inhibition of Angiogenesis Underlies Resistance to Tumors During Acute Toxoplasmosis J. Immunol., May 15, 2001; 166(10): 5878 - 5881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S. Gee, H. M. Saunders, J. C. Lee, J. F. Sanzo, W. T. Jenkins, S. M. Evans, G. Trinchieri, C. M. Sehgal, M. D. Feldman, and W. M. F. Lee Doppler Ultrasound Imaging Detects Changes in Tumor Perfusion during Antivascular Therapy Associated with Vascular Anatomic Alterations Cancer Res., April 1, 2001; 61(7): 2974 - 2982. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Schwesinger, C. Yee, R. M. Rohan, A. M. Joussen, A. Fernandez, T. N. Meyer, V. Poulaki, J. J. K. Ma, T. M. Redmond, S. Liu, et al. Intrachoroidal Neovascularization in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Am. J. Pathol., March 1, 2001; 158(3): 1161 - 1172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. Kwan, A. D. Gomez, P. Baluk, H. Hashizume, and D. M. McDonald Airway vasculature after mycoplasma infection: chronic leakiness and selective hypersensitivity to substance P Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2001; 280(2): L286 - L297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. S. Chang, E. di Tomaso, D. M. McDonald, R. Jones, R. K. Jain, and L. L. Munn Mosaic blood vessels in tumors: Frequency of cancer cells in contact with flowing blood PNAS, December 19, 2000; 97(26): 14608 - 14613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. H. Huxley and D. A. Williams Role of a glycocalyx on coronary arteriole permeability to proteins: evidence from enzyme treatments Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2000; 278(4): H1177 - H1185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Hashizume, P. Baluk, S. Morikawa, J. W. McLean, G. Thurston, S. Roberge, R. K. Jain, and D. M. McDonald Openings between Defective Endothelial Cells Explain Tumor Vessel Leakiness Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2000; 156(4): 1363 - 1380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Gonzalez, D. L. Epstein, and T. Borrás Genes Upregulated in the Human Trabecular Meshwork in Response to Elevated Intraocular Pressure Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2000; 41(2): 352 - 361. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Thurston, C. Suri, K. Smith, J. McClain, T. N. Sato, G. D. Yancopoulos, and D. M. McDonald Leakage-Resistant Blood Vessels in Mice Transgenically Overexpressing Angiopoietin-1 Science, December 24, 1999; 286(5449): 2511 - 2514. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Corada, M. Mariotti, G. Thurston, K. Smith, R. Kunkel, M. Brockhaus, M. G. Lampugnani, I. Martin-Padura, A. Stoppacciaro, L. Ruco, et al. Vascular endothelial-cadherin is an important determinant of microvascular integrity in vivo PNAS, August 17, 1999; 96(17): 9815 - 9820. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Underwood, C. G. Murphy, J. Chen, L. Franse-Carman, I. Wood, D. L. Epstein, and J. A. Alvarado Glucocorticoids regulate transendothelial fluid flow resistance and formation of intercellular junctions Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 1999; 277(2): C330 - C342. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. J. Murphy, G. Thurston, T. Ezaki, and D. M. McDonald Endothelial Cell Heterogeneity in Venules of Mouse Airways Induced by Polarized Inflammatory Stimulus Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 1999; 155(1): 93 - 103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. W. Gale and G. D. Yancopoulos Growth factors acting via endothelial cell-specific receptor tyrosine kinases: VEGFs, Angiopoietins, and ephrins in vascular development Genes & Dev., May 1, 1999; 13(9): 1055 - 1066. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Dahlqvist, E. Y. Umemoto, J. J. Brokaw, M. Dupuis, and D. M. McDonald Tissue Macrophages Associated with Angiogenesis in Chronic Airway Inflammation in Rats Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., February 1, 1999; 20(2): 237 - 247. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Suri, J. McClain, G. Thurston, D. M. McDonald, H. Zhou, E. H. Oldmixon, T. N. Sato, and G. D. Yancopoulos Increased Vascularization in Mice Overexpressing Angiopoietin-1 Science, October 16, 1998; 282(5388): 468 - 471. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Thurston, T. J. Murphy, P. Baluk, J. R. Lindsey, and D. M. McDonald Angiogenesis in Mice with Chronic Airway Inflammation : Strain-Dependent Differences Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 1998; 153(4): 1099 - 1112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Bhatia, A. K. Saluja, B. Hofbauer, J.-L. Frossard, H. S. Lee, I. Castagliuolo, C.-C. Wang, N. Gerard, C. Pothoulakis, and M. L. Steer Role of substance P and the neurokinin 1 receptor in acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury PNAS, April 14, 1998; 95(8): 4760 - 4765. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. McDonald Endothelial Gaps: Plasma Leakage During Inflammation Physiology, April 1, 1998; 13(2): 104 - 105. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Baluk, N. W. Fine, H. A. Thomas, E. T. Wei, and D. M. Mcdonald Anti-inflammatory Mystixin Peptides Inhibit Plasma Leakage Without Blocking Endothelial Gap Formation J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., February 1, 1998; 284(2): 693 - 699. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
